![]() Without this protection, most aquatic organisms would perish during the winter. This ice insulates the water below, preventing it from freezing solid. ![]() In a lake or ocean, water at 4 ☌ (39.2 ☏) sinks to the bottom, and ice forms on the surface, floating on the liquid water. This expansion can exert enormous pressure, bursting pipes and cracking rocks (see Frost weathering). The density of ice is 917 kg/m 3 (57.25 lb/cu ft), an expansion of 9%. Water differs from most liquids in that it becomes less dense as it freezes. The addition or removal of heat can cause phase transitions: freezing (water to ice), melting (ice to water), vaporization (water to vapor), condensation (vapor to water), sublimation (ice to vapor) and deposition (vapor to ice). The other two common states of matter of water are the solid phase, ice, and the gaseous phase, water vapor or steam. Also cognate, through the Indo-European root, with Greek ύδωρ ( ýdor), Russian вода́ ( vodá), Irish uisce, and Albanian ujë.Īlong with oxidane, water is one of the two official names for the chemical compound HĢO it is also the liquid phase of HĢO. The word water comes from Old English wæter, from Proto-Germanic * watar (source also of Old Saxon watar, Old Frisian wetir, Dutch water, Old High German wazzar, German Wasser, vatn, Gothic □□□□ ( wato), from Proto-Indo-European * wod-or, suffixed form of root * wed- ("water" "wet"). ![]()
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